In this article, we are going to see the types of horticulture crops grown in India.
What is Horticulture?
Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned with intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. In more straightforward words, it is development, creation, and offer of vegetables, organic products, blossoms, herbs, or exotic plants.
The term Horticulture is derived from the Latin words hortus (garden) and cultūra (cultivation).
Horticultural crops require serious consideration in planting, completing intercultural activities, controlled growth, harvesting, bundling, promoting, storage and processing. India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China.
Read also: Advantages and disadvantages of a drip irrigation system
Horticultural crops constitute a significant portion of the total agricultural produce in India. It has been perceived that developing horticulture crops is currently a perfect alternative to improve occupation security, upgrade business age, and achieve pay and nourishment security, and increment pay through worth expansion. In India, around 55–60 percent of the total population depends on agriculture and allied activities.
Types of Horticulture Crops Grown in India – Region wise
| S.No | Growing Regions | Crops |
| 1 | Northern Haryana | Bottle gourd, marigold |
| 2 | Himachal Pradesh | Apple, potato |
| 3 | Jammu and Kashmir | Apple |
| 4 | Punjab | Citrus fruits |
| 5 | Uttarakhand | Potato |
| 6 | Uttar Pradesh
|
Mango, banana, potato, sweet potato, watermelon, bottle gourd, jasmine |
| 7 | Rajasthan
|
Pomegranate, onion, jasmine, tuberose |
| 8 | Western Chhattisgarh | Bottle gourd, rose |
| 9 | Goa | Coconut, arecanut, cashew nut Gujarat Banana, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, potato, onion, tomato, rose, marigold |
| 10 | Maharashtra
|
Mango, banana, grapes, citrus fruits, sapota, pomegranate, chilli, onion, rose, chrysanthemum, tuberose, marigold |
| 11 | Madhya Pradesh
|
Citrus fruits, papaya, pomegranate, chilli, potato, sweet potato, onion, bottle gourd, tomato, chrysanthemum, marigold |
| 12 | Southern Andhra Pradesh
|
Mango, banana, grapes, citrus fruits, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, coconut, chilli, watermelon, tomato, jasmine, tuberose, marigold |
| 13 | Karnataka
|
Mango, banana, grapes, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, coconut, chilli, onion, watermelon, tomato, rose, chrysanthemum, jasmine, tuberose, marigold |
| 14 | Kerala
|
Banana, coconut, sweet potato, chrysanthemum |
| 15 | Tamil Nadu
|
Banana, papaya, sapota, coconut, chrysanthemum, jasmine, tuberose |
| 16 | Telangana
|
Mango, citrus fruits, tomato Eastern Andaman and Nicobar Islands Coconut |
| 17 | Bihar
|
Mango, chilli, potato, onion, bottle gourd |
| 18 | West Bengal
|
Coconut, potato, sweet potato, watermelon, rose, marigold |
| 19 | Odisha
|
Coconut, sweet potato, watermelon, bottle gourd |
| 20 | North-eastern Arunachal Pradesh | Turmeric, ginger |
| 21 | Assam | Banana, papaya, pomegranate, coconut, tuberose |
| 22 | Meghalaya | Papaya, arecanut, ginger |
| 23 | Sikkim | Ginger |
| 24 | Tripura | Papaya, arecanut, turmeric |
| 25 | Gujarat | Banana, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, potato, onion, tomato, rose, marigold |
Indian Government established the National Horticulture Board to improve the integrated development of the Horticulture industry and to help in coordinating, sustaining the production and processing of fruits and vegetables. Farmers can get benefit from the export of horticulture produce which requires compliance international standards. The government of India established consultancy for farmers/ horticulturists called Indian Horticulture and food processing (IHFP). It was started to cater to the need of progressive farmers who involved in Hi-Tech horticulture and food processing activities.
See also:
Five types of irrigation system used in agriculture
Difference between organic and inorganic fertilizer
How to construct an organic terrace garden?