In this article, we are going to see the greenhouse technology farming techniques, benefits and its types.
What is Greenhouse Technology?
Greenhouse Technology is a process of providing a favorable environment for plants. It is used to protect plants from adverse weather conditions such as wind, cold, rain, excessive radiation, extreme heat, pests and diseases. It is also very important to create a good climate around the plants. This can be done by building a thermal / glass house, where the environmental conditions are so flexible that one can plant any plant at any time at any time by providing appropriate environmental conditions and small workers.
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What technique is used in Greenhouse?
Greenhouse are structures covered with transparent materials such as LDPE, FRP and Polycarbonate sheets etc. that allow the sun’s rays to pass through, but trap the hot rays emitted from the interior. This creates an environment for plant growth. The energy obtained from the sum is converted into heat inside the heater during the day and used for evaporation of water during normal plant respiration. Various parameters that contribute to plant growth such as light, heat, CO2 and moisture can be controlled in these structures.
Why is Greenhouse Technology Important?
About 80% of the world’s population lives in developing countries. There is no doubt that agricultural production should be increased to ensure the food needs of the fastest growing population. In the next 25 years almost 50% of food will have to be produced, especially in developing countries.
In the current context, to meet the global demand for improved production, thermal farming can serve as an effective solution, helping out-of-season farming and protecting the crop from unfavorable external conditions. Apart from this, hot temperatures can be a great way to grow kindergarten, thrive for traditional tissue plants, planting in regions prone to severe soil and extreme weather conditions, and planting rare and medicinal plants.
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The Role of Greenhouse Technology in Plants
Greenhouse farming helps to create beautiful micro-climates where the production of vegetables and flowers is done all year or half of the year as needed. The Greenhouse not only creates a suitable vegetative environment but also promotes proper growth and fruitfulness compared to open field planting. Heat technology also plays a major role in the agricultural sector, especially in the production of hybrid seeds, high value vegetables, ornamental plants, medicinal plants, cut flowers and fruits, which import large quantities from local and international markets.
What technology is used in Greenhouse?
- Heating and Venting systems
- Crop Irrigation
- Crop Fertigation
- Co2 and Humidity Control
- Shading System
- Misting System
- Soil and Moisture Sensors
- Water Recycling Systems
See also: What are the causes of soil erosion?
What equipment is used in the Greenhouse?
1) Wooden sticks
2) G.I. Wire
3) Nails
4) UV Stabilized LDE film
5) Coal Tar / BITUMEN: 2 liters
6) LDPE Film Roll
7) Plastic Rope
8) Bamboo Sticks
9) Tag Nails
What is the role of a greenhouse in plant production?
Warmth and humidity promote plant growth. Plants need moisture, warmth and light to grow. The greenhouse stabilizes the growing environment by reducing the temperature around it and protecting the plants from extreme cold. This extends the growing season to both ends, so in late winter and early spring it improves the growing conditions of the plants and allows them to start growing prematurely when they grow outdoors. This allows the greenhouse garden to be able to plant early and enjoy the benefits of extended growing season, with early flowers and harvest.
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What are the benefits of Greenhouse Technology?
- Yields may be 10-12 times higher than outside plots depending on temperature, crop type and environmental conditions.
- Reliability of crop increases under greenhouse technique
- Suitable for vegetables and flowers
- Annual production of flowering plants
- Off-season vegetable and fruit production
- Sterile implants and advanced genetic implants can be performed continuously
- Proper use of chemicals, pesticides to control pests and diseases
- Plant water requirement is very small and easy to control
- Conservation of domesticated crops and intercropped crops
- Production of seamless quality products
- It is widely used to monitor and manage the instability of the biodiversity system
- Modern Hydroponic (soilless culture) methods, Aeroponics and Nutrient techniques are only possible in greenhouse farming methods.
Classification of Greenhouse Systems
Greenhouse can be categorized on the basis of several procedures as given below:
Greenhouses Based on the material
- Glass house
- Plastic Panel Greenhouse
- Rigid Panel Greenhouse
Greenhouses Based on Cover Shape
Greenhouses are available in a variety of shapes and sizes
- Circular dome
- Hyperbolic paraboloid
- Quonset
- Modified Quonset (Modified IARI model)
- Gothic arch
- Mansard roof
- Evenspan
- Inequality
- Organisms
- Modified arch
Greenhouse can be used for crop production and drying of plants / fruits / medicinal plants of high economic value. It has significant gaps in the temperature of human and cattle space. A portion of the greenhouse sun can be one of the criteria for choosing heat sinks. At high temperatures the solar fraction should be minimal.
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